The board support package for the STM32WB Feather Development Board (see https://www.reclaimerlabs.com/stm32wb-feather) is restricted to the JP1 and JP3 pin header, the onboard LEDs and switches (buttons), and the onboard 16 MiB serial NOR flash. The STM32WB55 has much more capabilities than 11 digital I/O pins, 6 analog input pins, UART, SPI, and I2C interfaces. But if you want to use the more advanced features you can use the CubeMX to create source code for the internal peripherals. This project wants to show how to use the Cube Ecosystem for a Forth system (or vice versa) and can't implement all features and possibilities the STM32WB has. It is a good starting point for your project.

Mecrisp-Cube for the STM32WB55 Feather Development Board

Overview

WB Feather together with OLED and E-Ink Wing. The I-Ink Wing is used only for uSD slot.

• microSD and internal Flash mass storage for blocks and FAT filesystem.
  • Internal Flash drive 16 MiB (SPI)
  • Filesystem API (SPI)
  • UNIX like Shell commands
• Digital and analog pins
  • LEDs: LED1 (red) D12
  • Digital port pins: D0 to D15 (without D7 and D8)
  • Analog port pins: A0 to A5
  • PWM: TIM1CH1 A4, TIM1CH2 D1, TIM1CH3 D0
  • Input capture TIM2CH1 A5
  • Output compare TIM2CH2 D13, TIM2CH3 D5, TIM2CH4 D6
  • EXTI: D5, D6, D11, D13
• UART: D0 RX, D1 TX
• SPI: D2 SCK, D3 MISO, D4 MOSI (e.g. for display, memory)
• I2C: D14 SDA, D15 SCL (external peripherals e.g. pressure)

• NeoPixel shares the LED D12 pin. It is easy to add an Adafruit pixel breakout board or a Flora Pixel at the top of the shield. The LED can be used concurrently.
  • green: successfull USB enumeration
  • blue: BLE connected
  • flashing red: file write operation
  • flashing yellow: file read operation
• OLED Feather Wing
  • Switches: SW1 (button A, D9), SW2 (button B, D6), SW3 (button C, D5)
  • I2C: D14 SDA, D15 SCL
• E-Ink Feather Wing
  • SD Card: SDCS D10, MISO, MOSI, SCK
  • EPD interface: ECS D9, DC D11, BUSY D12, MISO, MOSI, SCK
• CharlieWing
• NeoPixelWing
• DotStarWing

Defaults for digital port pins:

• D1 (UART_TX), D2 (SPI SCK), D4 (SPI MOSI), D10 (SD CS), and D12 (LED) are outputs
• D3 (SPI MISO) and D11 to D13 are inputs
• D0 (UART_RX), D5 (button), D6 (button), D9 (button) are inputs with internal pull-up resistors
• D14 (SDA) and D15 (SCL) are open drain outputs with 4.7 kOhm pull-up resistors

Board Support Words

led1!        ( n -- )    sets LED1 (red)
led1@        ( -- n )    gets LED1 (red)

neopixel!    ( rgb -- )  sets the neopixel RGB led ($ff0000 red, $00ff00 green, $0000ff blue)
neopixel@    ( -- rgb )  gets the neopixel RGB led ($ff0000 red, $00ff00 green, $0000ff blue)


switch1?     ( -- flag ) gets switch1 (button A), closed=TRUE
switch2?     ( -- flag ) gets switch2 (button B), closed=TRUE
switch3?     ( -- flag ) gets switch3 (button C), closed=TRUE
switchuser?  ( -- flag ) gets user button, closed=TRUE

dport!       ( n -- )    sets the digital output port (D0=bit0 .. D15=bit15).
dport@       ( -- n )    gets the digital input/output port (D0=bit0 .. D15=bit15).
dpin!        ( n a -- )  sets the digital output port pin a (D0=0 .. D15=15, A0=16 .. A6=22)
dpin@        ( a -- n )  gets the digital input/output port pin a
dmod         ( u a -- )  sets the pin mode: 0 in, 1 in pull-up, 2 in pull-down, 3 out push pull, 4 out open drain, 
                                            5 out push pull PWM, 6 input capture, 7 output compare, 8 I2C, 9 USART, 10 analog

EXTImod      ( u a -- )  Sets for pin a (D5, D6, D11, D13) the EXTI mode u: 0 rising, 1 falling, 2 both edges, 3 none
EXTIwait     ( u a -- )  Wait for EXTI interrupt on pin a (D5, D6, D11, D13), timeout u in [ms]

pwmpin!      ( u a -- )  sets the digital output port pin a (D0=0, D1=1, A4=20) to a PWM value u (0..1000).
                           Default frequency is 1 kHz, TIMER1
pwmprescale  ( u --  )   Sets the PWM prescale for TIMER1. 32 kHz / prescale, default 32 -> PWM frequency 1 kHz

ICOCprescale ( u -- )    Sets the input capture / output compare prescale for TIMER2. default 32 -> 32 MHz / 32 = 1 MHz, timer resolution 1 us
ICOCperiod!  ( u -- )    Sets the input capture / output compare (TIMER2) period. default $FFFFFFFF (4'294'967'295). 
                         When the up counter reaches the period, the counter is set to 0. 
                         For prescale 32 the maximum time is about 1 h 11 m
ICOCcount!   ( -- u )    Sets the input capture / output compare counter for TIMER2
ICOCcount@   ( u -- )    Gets the input capture / output compare counter for TIMER2
ICOCstart    ( -- )      Starts the ICOC period
ICOCstop     ( -- )      Stops the ICOC period
OCmod        ( u a -- )  Sets for pin a (D5, D6, D13) the Output Compare mode u: 0 frozen, 1 active level on match, 
                           2 inactive level on match, 3 toggle on match, 4 forced active, 5 forced inactive
    
OCstart      ( u a -- )  Starts the output compare mode for pin a with pulse u
OCstop       ( a -- )    Stops output compare for pin a
ICstart      ( u -- )    Starts input capture u for pin A5: 0 rising edge, 1 falling edge, 2 both edges
ICstop       ( -- )      Stops input capture

waitperiod   ( -- )      wait for the end of the TIMER2 period
OCwait       ( a -- )    wait for the end of output capture on pin a
ICwait       ( u -- u )  wait for the end of input capture with timeout u, returns counter u

apin@        ( a -- u )  gets the analog input port pin (A0=0 .. A5=5). Returns a 12 bit value (0..4095) 

Using the Digital Port Pins (Input and Output)

Set 8 port pins to push/pull output

3 15 dmod   \ set D15 (SCL) to Output
3 5  dmod   \ set D5 to Output
3 6  dmod   \ set D6 to Output
3 9  dmod   \ set D9 to Output
3 10 dmod   \ set D10 to Output
3 11 dmod   \ set D11 to output
3 12 dmod   \ set D12 to output
3 13 dmod   \ set D13 to output

remap D15, D5, .. D13

create port-map 15 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ,

: pin ( n -- n )  \ gets the Dx pin number
  cells port-map + @
;

: left ( -- ) 
  7 0 do
    1 i pin dpin! 
    100 osDelay drop  
    0 i pin dpin!
  loop 
;

: right ( -- )
  8 1 do  
    1 8 i - pin dpin! 
    100 osDelay drop  
    0 8 i - pin dpin!
  loop 
;

: knigthrider ( -- )
  begin 
    left right 
    key? 
  until    \ key pressed
  0 0 dpin!
  key drop     \ eat key
;

Use the port pins on the lower row:

3 16 dmod   \ set A0 to Output
3 17 dmod   \ set A1 to Output
3 18 dmod   \ set A2 to Output
3 19 dmod   \ set A3 to Output
3 20 dmod   \ set A4 to Output
3 21 dmod   \ set A5 to output
3 2 dmod    \ set D2 (SCK) to output
3 4 dmod    \ set D4 (MOSI) to output

remap D15, D5, .. D13

create port-map 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 2 , 4 ,

Using the ADC (Analog Input Pins)

Control the Neopixel

apin@ ( a -- u ) returns the ADC value (12 bit, 0 .. 4095) from one of the analog pins A0 to A5 (0 .. 5). Here I use the A0 to control the neopixel blue led brightness.

: neo-blue ( -- ) 
  begin
    0 apin@ 16 /  neopixel! 
    10 osDelay drop
  key? until 
  key drop
;

Control the Knightrider Pace

apin@ ( a -- u ) returns the ADC value (12 bit, 0 .. 4095) from one of the analog pins A0 to A5 (0 .. 5). Here I use the A0 to control the delay.

: left ( -- ) 
  7 0 do
    1 i pin dpin! 
    0 apin@ 10 / osDelay drop  \ delay depends on A0
    0 i pin dpin!
  loop 
;

: right ( -- )
  8 1 do  
    1 8 i - pin dpin! 
    0 apin@ 10 / osDelay drop  \ delay depends on A0
    0 8 i - pin dpin!
  loop 
;

Using the PWM (Analog Output Pins)

Three port pins are supported so far. The 16 bit timer TIM1 (D0, D1, A4) is used for the timebase, time resolution is 1 us (32 MHz SysClk divided by 32). The PWM scale is from 0 (0 % duty cycle) to 1000 (100 % duty cycle), this results in a PWM frequency of 1 kHz. If you need higher PWM frequencies, decrease the divider and/or the scale.

PWM port pins: D0 (TIM1CH3), D1 (TIM1CH2), and A4 (TIM1CH1).

Simple test program to set brightness of a LED on pin D0 with a potentiometer on A0. Default PWM frequency is 1 kHz (prescaler set to 32). You can set the prescale with the word pwmprescale from 32 kHz (value 1) down to 0.5 Hz (64000).

5 0 dmod   \ set D0 to PWM

: pwm ( -- )
  begin 
    0 apin@  4 /  0 pwmpin!
    10 osDelay drop
    key? 
  until
  key drop
;

Control an RC Servo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servo_(radio_control): The control signal is a digital PWM signal with a 50 Hz frame rate. Within each 20 ms timeframe, an active-high digital pulse controls the position. The pulse nominally ranges from 1.0 ms to 2.0 ms with 1.5 ms always being center of range. Pulse widths outside this range can be used for "overtravel" - moving the servo beyond its normal range.

A servo pulse of 1.5 ms width will typically set the servo to its "neutral" position (typically half of the specified full range), a pulse of 1.0 ms will set it to 0°, and a pulse of 2.0 ms to 90° (for a 90° servo). The physical limits and timings of the servo hardware varies between brands and models, but a general servo's full angular motion will travel somewhere in the range of 90° – 180° and the neutral position (45° or 90°) is almost always at 1.5 ms. This is the "standard pulse servo mode" used by all hobby analog servos.

The BSPs default PWM frequency is 1 kHz, 50 Hz is 20 times slower. The divider is therefore 32 * 20 = 640.

640 pwmprescale 
5 0 dmod   \ set D0 to PWM

: servo ( -- ) 
  begin
    130 40 do
      i 0 pwmpin! 
      i neopixel! 
      i 40 = if 
        1000 \ give some more time to get back
      else
        200
      then 
      osDelay drop
    10 +loop
  key? until 
  key drop
;

640 pwmprescale 
5 3 dmod   \ set D3 to PWM

: slowservo ( -- ) 
  begin
    100 50 do
      i 3 pwmpin! 
      50 osDelay drop
    1 +loop
    50 100 do
      i 3 pwmpin! 
      50 osDelay drop
    -1 +loop
  key? until 
  key drop
;

Using Input Capture and Output Compare

Time Base

Default timer resolution is 1 us. The 32 bit TIMER2 is used as time base for Input Capture / Output Compare. For a 5 s period 5'000'000 cycles are needed. All channels (input capture / output compare) use the same time base.

: period ( -- )
  5000000 ICOCperiod! \ 5 s period
  ICOCstart
  begin
     waitperiod
     cr .time
  key? until
  key drop 
;

Output Compare

7 5 dmod  \ output compare for D5
7 6 dmod  \ output compare for D6
7 13 dmod \ output compate for D13

: oc-toggle ( -- )
  5000000 ICOCperiod! \ 5 s period
  ICOCstart
  3 5  OCmod  1000000  5 OCstart \ toggle D5 after 1 s
  3 6  OCmod  2000000  5 OCstart \ toggle D6 after 2 s
  3 13 OCmod  3000000 13 OCstart \ toggle D13 after 3 s
  begin
     waitperiod
     cr .time
  key? until
  key drop 
;

When you abort (hit any key) the program, the timer still runs and controls the port pins. To stop the port pins:

5 OCstop  5 OCstop  13 OCstop  

Or change the prescale to make it faster or slower:

1 ICOCprescale

Input Capture

This sample program measures the time between the edges on port A5. if no event occurs within 2 seconds, "timeout" is issued. Hit any key to abort program.

: ic-test ( -- )
  6 21 dmod \ input capture on A5
  ICOCstart
  2 ICstart  \ both edges
  ICOCcount@ ( -- count )
  begin
    2000 \ 2 s timeout
    ICwait ( -- old-capture capture ) 
    cr
    dup 0= if
      ." timeout" drop
    else 
      dup rot ( -- capture capture old-capture )
      - 1000 / . ." ms"
    then
  key? until
  key drop
  drop
  ICstop
;

Use Ouput Compare for PWM

Using EXTI line

D5, D6, D11 and D13 can be used as an EXTI line. EXTIs are external interrupt lines, D5 uses EXTI2 (EXTI Line2 interrupt), D6 EXTI3, D11 EXIT8, and D13 EXTI1.

: exti-test ( -- )
  2 5 EXTImod \ both edges on D5
  begin
    2000 5 EXTIwait \ wait for edge on D5 (button C) with 2 s timeout
    cr
    0= if
      5 dpin@ if
        ." rising edge"
      else
        ." falling edge"
      then 
    else
      ." timeout"
    then
  key? until
  key drop
;

Pinouts

This BSP is using the standard Feather numbering scheme and not the Argon numbering scheme. The red LED should be connected to D13, but it is connected to D12 (D7 in Argon numbering scheme).

SCL D15, SDA D14
SCK D2, MO D4, MI D3, RX D0, TX D1

A0 D16, A1 D17, A2 D18, A3 D19, A4 D20, A5 D21

• Feather specification https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-feather/feather-specification
• Particle Argon has a different numbering scheme for the for digital pins https://docs.particle.io/assets/images/argon/argon-pinout-v1.0.pdf

Digital Pins

JP1.1

RESET/ JP1.16

UART_RX / GPIO D0 / PA10 / JP1.3

• Receive (input) pin for USART1
• PWM out on TIM2_CH3

UART_TX / GPIO D1 / PA9 / JP1.2

• Transmit (output) pin for USART1
• PWM out on TIM2_CH2

SCK / GPIO D2 / PB3 / JP1.6

• The SPI bus clock pin. Hardware SPI1
• PWM out on TIM1_CH2

MISO / GPIO D3 / PB4 / JP1.4

• The SPI bus clock pin. Hardware SPI1

MOSI / GPIO D4 / PB1 / JP1.5

• The SPI bus clock pin. Hardware SPI2

GPIO D5 / Button C / PA2 / JP3.10

• PWM out on TIM2_CH3
• Alternate uses: LPUART1 TX, I2S3 MCK
• SYS_WKUP4

GPIO D6 / Button B / PB8 / JP3.9

• PWM out on TIM3_CH1
• Alternate uses: LPUART1 RX

GPIO D7

• -

GPIO D8

• -

GPIO D9 / Button A / PB1 / JP3.8

GPIO D10 / PB9 / JP3.7

• PWM out on TIM1_CH3N
• Alternate uses: I2C1_SDA

GPIO D11 / PB8 / JP3.6

• PWM out on TIM1_CH2N
• Alternate uses: I2C1_SCL

GPIO D12 / red LED / PB2 / JP3.5

• Connected to the red LED next to the USB jack

GPIO D13 / (red LED) / PA1 / JP3.4

• (Connected to the red LED next to the USB jack)
• PWM out on TIM2_CH2

SDA / GPIO D14 / PB7 / JP3.12

• The I2C (Wire) data pin, this has a 10K pullup to 3.3V. Hardware I2C1
• Alternate uses: USART1 RX

SCL / GPIO D15 / PB6 / JP3.11

• the I2C (Wire) clock pin, this has a 10K pullup to 3.3V. Hardware I2C1
• Alternate uses: USART1 TX

Analog Pins

A0 / GPIO 16 / PA4 / JP1.12

• This pin is analog input A0 (ADC12 IN4)
• Analog output (DAC OUT1) due to having a DAC (digital-to-analog converter). You can set the raw voltage to anything from 0 to 3.3V, unlike PWM outputs this is a true analog output
• No PWM or alternate uses

A1 / GPIO 17 / PA5 / JP1.11

• This pin is analog input A1 (ADC12 IN5)
• Analog output (DAC OUT2) due to having a DAC (digital-to-analog converter). This is the second DAC, and is 'independent' of A0. You can set the raw voltage to anything from 0 to 3.3V, unlike PWM outputs this is a true analog output.
• Alternative uses: SPI1 SCK

A2 / GPIO18 / PA6 / JP1.10

• This pin is analog input A2 (ADC12 IN6)
• Alternative uses: SPI1 MISO
• PWM out on TIM2_CH2

A3 / GPIO19 / PA7 / JP1.9

• This pin is analog input A3 (ADC12 IN7)
• Alternative uses: SPI1 MOSI
• PWM out on TIM3_CH2

A4 / GPIO20 / PA8 / JP1.8

• This pin is analog input A4 ()

A5 / GPIO21 / PA0 / JP1.7

• This pin is analog input A5 (5)
• SYS_WKUP1

SPI Flash

FLASH_SCK / PB3

FLASH_MISO / PB4

FLASH_MOSI / PB5

FLASH_CS / PA15

USB

USB_DP / PA12

USB_DM / PA11

Antenna

CTRL_FE1 / PE4

CTRL_FE2 / PB0